• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a bottom pouring pipe for the installation in or on the bottom of a metallurgical vessel, with at the top, preferably for connection to a metallurgical vessel or slider, and with an end at the bottom, wherein between the two a flow channel is provided with at least one lower discharge opening placed at the lower end, wherein the radially outward facing wall of the flow channel is surrounded by a gas-tight housing and consists in that the housing encloses the lower end with the at least one discharge opening in a gas-tight manner. In addition, the invention relates to a procedure for operating a bottom pouring pipe.
    公开号:BE1019916A5
    申请号:E2011/0274
    申请日:2011-05-05
    公开日:2013-02-05
    发明作者:
    申请人:Rhi Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Bottom pouring pipe for installation on the bottom of a metallurgical vessel
    The invention relates to a bottom casting pipe for the installation in or on the bottom of a metallurgical vessel, with an end preferably provided for connection to a metallurgical vessel or a slider and with an end at the bottom, wherein between the two a flow channel is provided at the ends with at least one lower discharge opening placed at the lower end, wherein the radially outward facing wall of the flow channel is surrounded by a gas-tight housing. In addition, the invention relates to a procedure for operating a bottom pouring pipe.
    Particularly in the case of steel melt, the liquid metal from a metallurgical vessel is finally poured into a mold. In particular, such a metallurgical vessel can be a casting crucible (also called "ladle") or a so-called distributor (also called "tundish"). The liquid metal is poured from the casting crucible into the distributor and from the distributor into a casting mold of a strand casting installation. In this case, it flows through a bottom pouring pipe arranged in the bottom of the casting crucible or the distributor (a so-called "nozzle").
    Material often sticks to the wall of the bottom pouring pipe, which accumulates there as it flows through. As a result, the diameter of the opening becomes smaller, as a result of which the flow conditions and thereby also the steel quality are adversely affected - inter alia as a result of turbulences. The accumulated material can break off and cause air blowing, which has an adverse effect on the quality of the steel.
    To prevent material from sticking to the wall, an inert gas such as argon is often introduced into the flow-through channel. However, excessive amounts of gas can also adversely affect the quality of the steel - for example, through the formation of cavities in the steel, which lead to surface damage when the steel is rolled.
    A material for a bottom casting pipe is described, for example, in WO 2004/035249 A1. A bottom casting pipe within a metallurgical vessel is published in KR 2003-0017154 A or in US 2003/0116893 A1. The latter document refers to the use of inert gas with the intention of limiting the adherence of material to the inner wall of the bottom casting pipe (the so-called "clogging") - in a similar manner as described in JP 2187239. A mechanism with a gas supply control from WO 01/56725 A1 is very extensively known. Nitrogen is supplied according to Japanese document JP 8290250. JP 3193250 discloses a procedure for monitoring the bonding and securing of material with the aid of a series of temperature sensors placed one after the other along the bottom pouring pipe. The supply of inert gas to the inside of the bottom pouring pipe is furthermore known from, inter alia, JP 2002210545, JP 61206559, JP 58061954 and JP 7290422.
    From a number of these documents it is furthermore known that the supply of oxygen must not only be prevented as much as possible by the supply of inert gas, but also by the use of housings around a part of the bottom pouring pipe. Partly, as described in JP 8290250, an overpressure is created within such a housing with the aid of inert gas. To prevent oxygen from penetrating, a housing is fitted around a sliding valve of the bottom casting pipe. This method is published in JP 11170033. The flow of the metal melt through the bottom casting pipe is controlled by sliding valves according to the documents mentioned above. These sliders slide perpendicular to the flow direction of the metal and can therefore wear the bottom casting pipe. Another option for controlling the flow is a so-called stop rod (also called "stopper rod"), as we know it from JP 2002143994.
    The Korean document KR 1020030054769 A describes the arrangement of an additional housing around the valve of a bottom casting pipe. The gas contained in the housing is sucked up by a vacuum pump. JP 4270042 describes a similar housing. Hereby, as in other documents mentioned above, a non-oxidizing atmosphere is created within the housing. The housing is provided with an opening through which inert gas can be supplied. Another arrangement, in which gas is extracted from the housing partially arranged around the bottom pouring pipe, to create a vacuum within the housing, is known from JP 61003653.
    Other bottom-casting pipes are known, for example, from DE 10 2004 057381. An attempt is made to solve the problem of, with the aid of a controlled supply of inert gas or by an almost complete sealing of the total lateral surface of the bottom casting pipe and the associated prevention of a supply of oxygen through the wall of the bottom casting pipe in the steel melt. avoid sticking.
    This invention is intended to further improve the available techniques in order to limit the adhesion of deposits in the sprayer of a bottom drainage hole in a simple and reliable manner as much as possible, without thereby affecting the quality of the metal melt or the solidified metal.
    This assignment is fulfilled by the invention with the features of the independent claims. The advantageous further elaborations of the invention are described in the sub-claims.
    Surprisingly it has been found that good results are feasible for a bottom casting pipe for the installation in the bottom of a metallurgical vessel with an end preferably provided for connection to a metallurgical vessel or to a sliding valve of a metallurgical vessel and with an end at the bottom wherein a flow-through channel is provided between the two ends with at least one discharge opening arranged at the bottom end, the radially outward (refractory) wall of the flow-through channel being surrounded by a gas-tight housing, if not only the circumference of the bottom pouring pipe, that is, the radially outward facing wall of the flow channel is surrounded by a gas-tight housing, but also if the housing of the bottom-pouring pipe also encloses the lower end with at least one outlet opening in a gas-tight manner. In this context, gas-tight does not of course mean absolute freedom of leakage, but the ability to penetrate gas - mainly oxygen from the atmosphere and nitrogen - is essentially prevented or stopped.
    It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the bottom pouring pipe, the sliding valve (or a stopper rod closure) and another top nozzle, which is surrounded by a housing and is placed on the bottom of the metallurgical vessel above the sliding valve, are gas-tightly connected to each other and thus form a system of a fully sealed nozzle arrangement.
    The invention relates to a procedure for operating a bottom pouring pipe, for example using the bottom pouring pipe described above, characterized in that the bottom pouring pipe is arranged on a sliding valve or a stop bar closure of a metallurgical vessel and which is arranged before the opening of the sliding valve or the stopper rod closure in the bottom pouring pipe is either created a vacuum or an inert gas flush with subsequent production of an excess of inert gas or an overpressure follows and then the sliding valve or the stopper rod closure is opened.
    Argon may be used as the inert gas. In this way the oxygen is at least partially removed from the bottom pouring pipe, resulting in an oxygen shortage or a low partial oxygen pressure. The overpressure or the vacuum (underpressure) prevails in the full volume within the gas-tight housing. The term "in the bottom pouring pipe" therefore means the space within the housing or the outer wall, including the internal volume and the pores of the total drain.
    Before the steel melt is supplied, the under or over pressure also exists in the flow channel. When the steel melt is fed into the bottom casting pipe or its flow channel and after opening the sliding valve or the stopper bar closure, the housing melts when it comes into contact with the steel melt near the at least one drain opener, so that the steel melt in the underlying tank can flow. After opening, the bottom casting pipe can be operated either under vacuum or with inert gas.
    One form of the bottom pouring pipe is the so-called immersion sprayer, referred to in trade circles as SEN or SES ("Submerged Entry Nozzle" or "Submerged Entry Shroud"). It is immersed with its lower end in the steel melt in the metallurgical vessel beneath it, the housing melting when it comes into contact with the liquid steel, so that a free flow is possible.
    It is advantageous for the housing to consist of a plurality of gas-tightly connected parts and preferably arranged above each other. The housing is preferably made of metal such as steel, so that it is sufficiently strong and yet melts on contact with the steel melt. Depending on the application, the metal of the housing is selected such that it melts through the metal in the vessel into which the melt ends up.
    It may also be advantageous for the housing to comprise a lower part of the housing made of steel, which encloses at least the lower end with the at least one discharge opening and that a gas-tight part of the housing is arranged over it as an integral component of the wall. is that in this way the discharge opening is closed off by a kind of cap, while the circumference (the wall) of the bottom pouring pipe above it contains a gas-tight layer, in particular a surface, which, as defined in the invention, forms part of the housing must be considered.
    It may be advantageous for the housing to contain a lower part of the housing made of steel, which is inserted in a gas-tight manner in the lower end with the at least one discharge opening and that a gas-tight part of the housing as an integral part of the wall is placed over it, so that the discharge opening is closed by a plug, whereby the outer circumference of the bottom pouring pipe, including the plug, forms a gas-tight layer, in particular a surface, which, including the plug, is regarded as part of the housing within the meaning of the invention.
    It may further be advantageous to apply a layer of a separating material, such as a paper envelope known to those skilled in the art, to prevent the adhesion of slag or deposits, which are usually at the surface of the part of the metal housing to be immersed. be present and accelerate the melting of that housing.
    It is useful for a getter material to be placed within the housing, preferably of at least one silicon, calcium, titanium, aluminum, magnesium or zirconium metal. This allows the free oxygen that would still be present in the housing to be bound.
    The refractory material of the wall can have a small porosity of 2 to 13%, preferably a small 10%. Such a material, for example carbon-impregnated aluminum oxide graphite material, can provide a sufficient seal in the sense of the invention. Standard refractory material has a porosity of more than 16%.
    It is furthermore advantageous that a heater is arranged in the wall of the through-flow channel with which the bottom pouring pipe can be preheated before use and with which temperature shocks can be avoided or reduced.
    Preferably, a layer of a separating material, such as paper, is placed around the outer surfaces of the bottom casting pipe. It may further be advantageous for the outer surface of the wall at the upper end, under the gas-tight housing, to be surrounded by an insulating cement seal, the cement seal preferably consisting of a heat-resistant castable cement, preferably with at least one material of the group of aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate and magnesium oxide. Furthermore, it is recommended that the outer circumference of the wall at the lower end, below the gas-tight housing, be surrounded by an insulating material, and in particular ceramic paper or ceramic fiber fiber material. The insulating material can be applied immediately below the cement seal.
    It is also preferred that under the gas-tight housing, and in particular between the gas-tight housing and the wall, gas channels are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the sprayer.
    The sliding valve according to the invention for use with a bottom pouring pipe and in particular for use with a bottom pouring pipe described above with a gas-tight outer housing, is characterized in that the gas-tight housing has at least one gas supply and at least one gas outlet. The at least one gas inlet can be used to pump an inert gas such as argon into the housing and the at least one gas outlet can be used to create a vacuum within the housing.
    Advantageous is a procedure in which after opening the sliding valve or stopper closure either a) an inert gas overpressure is created if an underpressure was present before opening, or b) an underpressure was created if an overpressure was present before opening.
    It is particularly advantageous that the underpressure is 1 to 1,013 mbar, and in particular 150 to 1,013 mbar, and the overpressure is 1,013 to 1,500 mbar or more - i.e. the overpressure is above atmospheric pressure.
    In particular, with a bottom casting pipe of a crucible, a vacuum (underpressure) can first be created and later, after opening, an overpressure with inert gas. With the bottom outlet of a distributor it is advantageous first to create an overpressure with inert gas and to create a vacuum after opening.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. In the drawing:
    Fig. 1 a bottom casting pipe for a distributor
    Fig. 2 another bottom casting pipe for a distributor
    Fig. 3 a third variant for a bottom pouring pipe for a distributor
    Fig. 4 a bottom casting pipe for a casting crucible
    Fig. 5 another bottom casting pipe for a casting crucible
    Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of a bottom casting pipe on a distributor and
    Fig. 7 the arrangement of a bottom casting pipe on a casting crucible
    The bottom casting pipe shown in Fig. 1 shows a flow-through channel 1 with several lateral discharge openings 2. The wall 3 of the flow-through channel 1 is essentially made of a combination of aluminum oxide and graphite. A mounting sleeve 4 is placed at the upper end for mounting on a sliding valve, which forms the main part of the completely sealed system. The outer circumference of the wall 3 is surrounded at the upper end by an insulating cement seal 5. Underneath is an insulating material 6, for example ceramic paper or a fiber mat of ceramic fibers. A gas-tight housing 7 is placed on the cement seal 5 and the insulating material 6. It encloses the entire bottom pouring pipe up to mounting sleeve 4 and is only provided with an opening 8 for the supply of inert gas (argon). The inert gas can be supplied for flushing into and between the gas-tight housing 7 and the insulating material 6. A so-called zirconium graphite slag belt 9 is arranged above the discharge openings 2. The discharge openings 2 are closed by the housing 7.
    Figure 2 shows a similar bottom-cast pipe. At the lower end, a cap 10 is provided with, for example, steel, which closes the discharge openings 2. At least above the cap 10, at least the outer surface of the wall 3 is gas-tight, thereby forming a gas-tight part of the housing. A layer of separating material 10 ", for example paper, is applied to the outer surface of cap 10. The separating layer 10 "can also cover the entire outer surface of the bottom casting pipe.
    Fig. 3 shows a similar arrangement as in FIG. 1, wherein a circumferential slot 27 is connected to the opening 8 within the wall 3. With this, argon can be supplied to the wall and an overpressure with argon can be created.
    The bottom casting pipe for a casting crucible (Fig. 4) is constructed in a similar way in principle, but it is equipped with a straight through-flow channel 1 "and a discharge opening 2" arranged centrally at the lower end. A similar arrangement is shown in Fig. 5, wherein the discharge opening 2 'is closed by a gas-tight plug 28 and at least the outer surface of the wall 3 is made gas-tight. The stopper 28 can be melted, burned or dissolved in the metallurgical compartment under the influence of the metal melt and release the discharge opening 2 '. This component can for instance be made of a metal such as steel, stainless steel or copper.
    Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of a bottom pouring pipe as a lower sprayer 11 on a distributor 12. The distributor 12 is provided with a multi-layer covering 13 which protects the wall of the distributor 14. An upper sprayer 15 is placed in the bottom of the distributor 12, electrodes 16 of which are embedded in the material and the outside 29 of the upper sprayer 15 is made gas-tight. At the upper end, the upper sprayer 15 is surrounded by a hole brick 17 for protection. On the underside of the upper nozzle 15, below the bottom of the distributor 12, there is a sliding valve 18, surrounded by a gas-tight slide housing 19, which is at its upper end with the outer side 29 of the upper nozzle 15 and at its lower end is connected in a gas-tight manner to the gas-tight housing 7. In the sliding housing 19 a supply 20 for inert gas and a connection 21 for a vacuum pump are provided.
    Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of a bottom pouring pipe on a crucible and the distributor 12 arranged beneath it. The distributor is provided, alongside its outlet 23, on the inside with the so-called bump plates 24, which mechanically quench the steel melt, that is to prevent too large turbulences . The bottom casting pipe shown in Figure 4 is placed at the opening of the crucible (sliding valve). The inlet for inert gas and the connection for a vacuum pump are not shown in Fig. 7 for the sake of clarity. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the general mechanical arrangement of the described components of the invention for transporting the metal melt from the casting crucible to the distributor and from there to the casting mold has many similarities and has a traditional shape and function. The casting crucible 22 itself is equipped on its inside with multi-layer coatings 26.
    Before the start of the casting phase, the sliding valve 25 is closed, a vacuum is created in the flow channel 1 ', Fig. 4, of a crucible to remove oxygen. This also creates a vacuum (underpressure) in the flow channel 1 ', in the wall of the bottom casting pipe, so between the inner wall surrounding the flow channel 1' and the outer casing, as well as in the sliding valve 25. When the steel melt enters into the steel melt flow-through channel 1 ', the gas-tight housing 7 melts in the vicinity of the discharge opening 2' when it comes into contact with the steel melt. The underpressure was controlled in one of the examples at a value of 700 to 800 mbar; the subsequent overpressure was set to a maximum of 1,500 mbar.
    A bottom casting pipe is also placed at the outlet of the distributor 12. First, an overpressure with an argon pressure of a maximum of 1,500 mbar is created. When the steel melt enters the flow-through channel 1, the gas-tight housing 7 melts in the vicinity of the discharge opening 2, so that the steel melt can flow into the compartment placed below it. The gas is pumped out of the bottom pouring pipe, creating a vacuum.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Bottom drain nozzle with an end at the top and with an end at the bottom, wherein there is a flow channel (1) between both ends with at least one discharge opening (2) placed at the end at the bottom, wherein the radially outward facing wall (3) of the flow channel (1) is surrounded by a gas-tight housing (7), characterized in that the housing (7) encloses the lower end with at least one drain opening (2) in a gas-tight manner such that when the bottom drain nozzle is placed in or on the bottom of a metallurgical vessel in the full volume within the housing (7) can result in an upper or lower pressure.
    [2]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (7) consists of a plurality of housing parts that are connected to each other in a gas-tight manner.
    [3]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing (7) is made of metal.
    [4]
    Bottom drain nozzle as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the housing (7) consists of a lower housing part made of steel, which encloses at least the end at the bottom with at least one discharge opening (2) and that a gas-tight housing part is arranged over it, which is integral component of the wall.
    [5]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing (7) consists of a lower housing part made of steel, which is gas-tightly integrated in the lower end with at least one outlet opening and which, as an integral component of the wall, a gas-tight housing part over it is positioned so that the discharge opening (7) is closed off by a stopper, whereby the outer circumference of the bottom discharge sprayer forms a gas-tight surface as housing part.
    [6]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a gas binder made of at least one silicon, calcium, titanium, aluminum, magnesium or zirconium gas binder is placed within the housing (7).
    [7]
    Bottom discharge sprayer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a heating element is placed in the wall of the flow channel (1).
    [8]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a layer of a separating material, such as paper, is placed around the outer surface of the bottom drain nozzle.
    [9]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer surface of the wall at the upper end, under the gas-tight housing (7), is surrounded by an insulating cement seal (5).
    [10]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the outer circumference of the wall at the lower end, under the gas-tight housing, is surrounded by insulating material.
    [11]
    Bottom drain nozzle according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the insulating material can be arranged directly under the cement seal (5).
    [12]
    Bottom discharge sprayer according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that gas channels (27) are placed under the gas-tight housing (7) in the longitudinal direction of the sprayer.
    [13]
    A process for operating a bottom discharge sprayer, characterized in that the bottom discharge sprayer is placed on a slide valve or a stop bar lock of a metallurgical vessel and for opening the slide valve or the stop bar lock in the bottom drain sprayer, either a vacuum is created or a noble gas flush is followed by a noble gas surplus or a noble gas overpressure takes place and after that the sliding valve or the stop bar lock is opened.
    [14]
    A process according to claim 13, characterized in that after opening the slide valve or the stopper bar lock either: a) a noble gas overpressure is created if there was an underpressure before opening or b) a noble gas underpressure occurs if there was an overpressure before opening.
    [15]
    Process according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the underpressure is 1 to 1013 mbar,
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20130233899A1|2013-09-12|
    KR20130100160A|2013-09-09|
    JP2013542856A|2013-11-28|
    AU2011328557A1|2013-05-02|
    MX2013005164A|2013-08-29|
    WO2012062414A1|2012-05-18|
    CA2754323C|2014-12-16|
    BR112013011578A2|2016-08-09|
    EP2637814A1|2013-09-18|
    AU2011328557B2|2015-02-05|
    JP5572266B2|2014-08-13|
    DE102010050936A1|2012-05-16|
    CN103228382A|2013-07-31|
    RU2013121151A|2014-11-20|
    CA2754323A1|2012-05-11|
    UA107409C2|2014-12-25|
    ZA201303150B|2014-01-29|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102010050936|2010-11-11|
    DE102010050936A|DE102010050936A1|2010-11-11|2010-11-11|Floor spout nozzle for placement in the bottom of a metallurgical vessel|
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